Genome Breakthrough Offers Lifeline for Australia’s ‘Functionally Extinct’ Frog

Genome Breakthrough Offers Lifeline for Australia’s ‘Functionally Extinct’ Frog

By
Jamie Davis

Publish Date:April 30, 2025

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📰 The quick summary: Scientists have successfully sequenced the genome of the critically endangered Southern corroboree frog, providing a crucial foundation for research that could help save this ancient amphibian from extinction.
📈 One key stat: The frog’s genome is enormous – three times the size of a human’s – making it one of the largest frog genomes ever sequenced and revealing unusual evolutionary characteristics.
💬 One key quote: “They’re quite unique frogs. They belong to this ancient family of frogs that’s only found in Australia. They’re about 100m years old.

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1️⃣ The big picture: Scientists have completed the decade-long task of sequencing the genome of Australia’s critically endangered Southern corroboree frog. This striking yellow and black amphibian, belonging to a 100-million-year-old frog family, is considered functionally extinct in the wild due to disease and climate change impacts. The frog survives only in temporary pools and peat bogs of Kosciuszko national park with assistance from zoo breeding programs. Having this genome data creates new possibilities for conservation efforts, particularly in developing strategies to combat the devastating chytrid fungus disease that has decimated populations of this species and many other amphibians worldwide.

2️⃣ Why is this good news: The genome sequencing provides conservationists with vital genetic information that could unlock pathways to increase the species’ resistance to deadly chytrid fungus. Researchers can now explore methods such as selective breeding and genetic engineering specifically targeted at increasing disease resistance in these frogs. This breakthrough comes at a critical time for amphibians, which are currently the most threatened vertebrate class on Earth. The scientific approach developed for the corroboree frog could potentially serve as a model for helping other frog species threatened by disease and climate change, offering hope beyond just this single species.

3️⃣ What’s next: Researchers have already begun using the genome data to explore the species’ susceptibility to chytrid fungus. They’re testing methods including selective breeding and genetic engineering to increase resistance in these frogs. This work will continue over the next 5-10 years, potentially creating a proof-of-concept approach that could help other threatened amphibian species.

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Read the full story here: The Guardian – Scientists hope sequencing genome of tiny ‘functionally extinct’ frog could help save it

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