Mysterious Ocean Glow Revealed as Billions of Tiny Glass-Shelled Organisms
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📰 The quick summary: Scientists have identified billions of microscopic diatoms as the cause of a mysterious turquoise glow in the Southern Ocean, expanding our understanding of marine ecosystems and carbon sequestration.
📈 One key stat: The coccolithophores in the great calcite belt concentrate an estimated 30 million tonnes of carbon each year, demonstrating the crucial role these microorganisms play in global carbon cycling.
💬 One key quote: “Our results suggest that these highly reflective polar waters result from scattering by diatom frustules, not coccolithophores, and have been misidentified as particulate inorganic carbon in satellite measurements.”

1️⃣ The big picture: Oceanographers have solved a two-decade mystery about a glowing turquoise patch in the Southern Ocean that satellite images first captured in the early 2000s. The team discovered that dense populations of diatoms – microscopic organisms with glassy, reflective structures – create an optical effect similar to coccolithophores, causing the distinctive glow. This finding challenges previous assumptions about which organisms dominate different ocean regions and how carbon cycles through our oceans. The discovery reveals that coccolithophores exist farther south than scientists believed possible, while confirming diatoms’ dominance in these frigid waters.
2️⃣ Why is this good news: This breakthrough enhances our understanding of ocean ecosystems and the global carbon cycle. Both diatoms and coccolithophores play crucial roles in sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, helping mitigate climate change effects. By accurately identifying which microorganisms dominate specific ocean regions, scientists can better model carbon flows and predict how marine ecosystems might respond to changing conditions. The research also demonstrates the value of hands-on ocean sampling to verify satellite data, improving the accuracy of remote sensing technologies that monitor our oceans’ health. This expanded knowledge of unique marine communities contributes to our ability to protect these vital carbon-absorbing ecosystems.
3️⃣ What’s next: Scientists will need to review satellite methods for estimating particulate organic carbon in light of these findings. Further research voyages into rarely visited southern waters may uncover more surprising relationships between competing plankton species. Oceanographers can now refine climate models to better account for the distinct carbon sequestration processes performed by different microorganism communities.

Read the full story here: ScienceAlert – A Mysterious Glow in The Ocean Turns Out to Be Billions of Tiny Creatures